Planet Malaysia

How To Capture PUTTY Session Log

Planet Malaysia — Tue, 23 Jun 2009 07:28:50 +0000

PuTTY is a free implementation of Telnet and SSH for Win32 and Unix platforms, along with an xterm terminal emulator. It is written and maintained primarily by Simon Tatham.

Here I would like to share How To Capture PUTTY Session Log.

1. To capture a session with PuTTY, open up a PUTTY.
2. Look for Category Session -> Logging
3. Under Session Logging, choose “All session output” and key in your desire log filename(default is putty.log).

4. This should create the file in the location you choose and start loggin everyting from the session.
5. For capture Cisco Router or Switches(I tried with Nexus 1000V on VMware vSphere), type ’show running-config’.

6. Open your session log file(e.g. my_session.log), Cisco Router/Switches running config file are save or backup.

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How to Add Date And Time To Your Bash History on SuSE Linux

Planet Malaysia — Sun, 07 Jun 2009 11:31:05 +0000

The SuSE Linux Enterpise 10 which came together with bash-3.x RPM and HISTORY command show insufficient information(at least for me) as example below:
1 vi /etc/hosts 2 rpm -qa|grep bash 3 cat /etc/SuSE-release 4 history

For any SuSE Linux Enterprise server 10 that managed by more than one people, I would suggest you should make history command more user friendly and more information for auditing purposes.

Edit /etc/bash.bashrc and append to the bottom:
export HISTTIMEFORMAT="%h/%d - %H:%M:%S "
save it.

Open a new SSH session and login as usual, try typing few command and exit. Login again and type history and you should be able to see more useful information which included date and time:
1 Jun/07 - 13:23:40 sudo tail -f /var/log/messages 2 Jun/07 - 13:23:40 cat /etc/hosts 3 Jun/07 - 13:23:40 env |grep DISPLAY 4 Jun/07 - 13:23:40 ps -ef|grep startx 5 Jun/07 - 13:23:40 env 6 Jun/07 - 13:23:40 date 7 Jun/07 - 13:23:40 ps -ef|grep abc 8 Jun/07 - 13:23:40 touch abc 9 Jun/07 - 13:23:40 /sbin/ifconfig 10 Jun/07 - 13:23:40 ping planetmy.com 11 Jun/07 - 13:23:40 cat abc 12 Jun/07 - 13:23:40 date

Note: This HISTTIMEFORMAT is NOT available on SuSE Linux 9 under bash-2.x RPM.

Hope this is helpful!

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RPM Segmentation Fault

Planet Malaysia — Sun, 31 May 2009 09:45:57 +0000

While I was try to upgrade one of the RPM package on SuSE Linux Server, I’m getting an error message as below:

planetmy1:/var/spool/locks # rpm -Fvh http://server01/openssl-0.9.8a-18.26.x86_64.rpm Retrieving http://server01/openssl-0.9.8a-18.26.x86_64.rpm Preparing... Segmentation fault### ( 50%

In /var/log/messages, I can see similar error: kernel: rpm[21904]: segfault at 0000000000bbbfb0 rip 00002b13dd4c51ba rsp 00007fffcd8c0150 error 4

The solution is:
[root@planetmy1 ~]# rpm --rebuilddb
use –rebuilddb to rebuild the database indices from the installed package headers.

If “–rebuilddb is NOT work, you can try create a new database.
[root@planetmy1 ~]# rpm --initdb
Use –initdb to create a new database,

Hope this is useful!

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Introduce Server Fault

Planet Malaysia — Wed, 27 May 2009 06:52:32 +0000

While I was checking out twitter, I found a new site Server Fault!

Server Fault is a collaboratively edited question and answer site for system administrators and IT professionals – regardless of platform. It’s 100% free, no registration required.

Note: Server Fault public beta will begin May 25th.

Server Fault is for system administrators and IT professionals, people who manage or maintain computers in a professional capacity. If you are in charge of …

* servers
* networks
* many desktop PCs (other than your own)

… then you’re in the right place to ask your question! Well, as long as the question is about your servers, your networks, or desktops you support, anyway.

What else? As a system administrator, you can try login to serverfault.com and post your question now!

Check out more details about Server Fault FAQ.

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OpenVPN route issue

Planet Malaysia — Fri, 15 May 2009 06:50:51 +0000

OpenVPN is a full-featured open source SSL VPN solution that accommodates a wide range of configurations, including remote access, site-to-site VPNs, Wi-Fi security, and enterprise-scale remote access solutions with load balancing, failover, and fine-grained access-controls.

I wouldn’t repeat how I setup OpenVPN from scratch which you can found tons of useful guide on Google. Here, I would like to share my OpenVPN routing issue and solution.

Setup details as show below:

SERVER:
LAN = 172.16.7.25X/255.255.0.0
WAN = 219.95.19x.1xx/255.255.255.252
VPN = 172.31.0.x/255.255.0.0

[root@planetmy ~]# view /etc/openvpn/server.conf
port 1194
proto udp
dev tun
ca keys/ca.crt
cert keys/server.crt
key keys/server.key
dh keys/dh1024.pem
server 172.31.0.0 255.255.0.0
ifconfig-pool-persist ipp.txt
push “route 172.16.0.0 255.255.0.0″
keepalive 10 120
comp-lzo
persist-key
persist-tun
status openvpn-status.log
verb 3

[root@planetmy ~]# route -n Kernel IP routing table Destination Gateway Genmask Flags Metric Ref Use Iface 172.31.0.2 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.255 UH 0 0 0 tun0 219.95.19x.1xx 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.252 U 0 0 0 eth1 172.31.0.0 172.31.0.2 255.255.0.0 UG 0 0 0 tun0 169.254.0.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.0.0 U 0 0 0 eth1 172.16.0.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.0.0 U 0 0 0 eth0 0.0.0.0 219.95.19x.1xx 0.0.0.0 UG 0 0 0 eth1

WINDOWS XP VPN client:
edit c:\programs files\OpenVPN\config\office.ovpn
client
dev tun
proto udp
remote 219.95.19x.1xx 1194
resolv-retry infinite
nobind
persist-key
persist-tun
ca ca.crt
cert test2.crt
key test2.key
ns-cert-type server
comp-lzo
verb 3

C:\ipconfig /all show:
IP ADDRESS: 172.31.0.6
NETMASK: 255.255.255.252
GATEWAY: 172.31.0.5
DHCP: 172.31.0.5

I was managed to ping 172.16.2.x/16 or 172.16.3.x/16 from server itself but not from Windows XP VPN client machine and the solution is MASQUERADE.

Type: /sbin/iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -o eth0 -j MASQUERADE

Note: You can either addin extra line in your /etc/init.d/openvpn startup script OR insert into your iptables list.

Hope this is useful for you in case you facing the similar problem like me.

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How to clean EMC CX 3-80 Dirty Cache?

Planet Malaysia — Wed, 13 May 2009 10:03:20 +0000

For the past weekend, it’s a really a nightmare for me. My office EMC Clariion CX3-80 storage box was crash(halt) and LUNs was not accessible for more than fourty over servers included Asia Pacific and Europe region.

The storage box forced to reset and found dirty cache on certain LUNs. Here I would like to share how to list and clear dirty cache.

List LUNs cache
# cd /opt/Navisphere/bin
./navicli -h 192.168.1.1 luncache -list
OR you can save the output into temporary location.
./navicli -h 192.168.1.1 luncache -list > /tmp/listluncache

Note: IP Address 192.168.1.1 is referring to your SPx controller IP Address.

Open /tmp/listluncache and search for word “YES”
# view /tmp/listluncache

For an example, you will see:
LOGICAL UNIT NUMBER 4912 LUN Offline (Cache Dirty Condition): YES

LOGICAL UNIT NUMBER 4913 LUN Offline (Cache Dirty Condition): YES

Here you can proceed with dirty cache cleaning process.

Note: Please contact EMC support and get the confirmation before do this.

# cd /opt/Navisphere/bin
./navicli -h 192.168.1.1 luncache 4912 -clear -o
AND
./navicli -h 192.168.1.1 luncache 4913 -clear -o

Note: LUNs ID 4912 and 4913 are dirty cache LUNs that require to be clean.

Again, please make sure check with EMC support before proceed. Hope this is helpful!

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Linux Market Share Passes 2%!!

Planet Malaysia — Mon, 04 May 2009 09:25:22 +0000

W3Counter.com just releasted their April market share stats and linux passed 2.16% for the first time ever.

Check out here.

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FreeBSD 7.2 Have Been Release

Planet Malaysia — Mon, 04 May 2009 09:20:19 +0000

The FreeBSD Release Engineering Team is pleased to announce the availability of FreeBSD 7.2-RELEASE. This is the third release from the 7-STABLE branch which improves on the functionality of FreeBSD 7.1 and introduces some new features. Some of the highlights:

*support for fully transparent use of superpages for application memory
*support for multiple IPv4 and IPv6 addresses for jails
*csup(1) now supports CVSMode to fetch a complete CVS repository
*Gnome updated to 2.26, KDE updated to 4.2.2
*sparc64 now supports UltraSparc-III processors

For a complete list of new features and known problems, please see the online release notes and errata list, available at:

*http://www.FreeBSD.org/releases/7.2R/relnotes.html
*http://www.FreeBSD.org/releases/7.2R/errata.html

Download FREEBSD 7.2 Now!

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How to Check Filesystem Block Size on Linux?

Planet Malaysia — Tue, 14 Apr 2009 03:13:31 +0000

The Linux file system architecture is an interesting example of abstracting complexity. The block size specifies size that the filesystem will use to read and write data. Larger block sizes will help improve disk I/O performance when using large files, such as databases. This happens because the disk can read or write data for a longer period of time before having to search for the next block.

For example, if you set your block size to 4096, or 4K, and you create a file that is 256 bytes in size, it will still consume 4K of space on your harddrive. For one file that may seem trivial, but when your filesystem contains hundreds or thousands of files, this can add up.

Block size can also effect the maximum supported file size on some filesystems. This is because many modern filesystem are limited not by block size or file size, but by the number of blocks. Therefore you would be using a “block size * max # of blocks = max block size” formula.

How to Check Filesystem Block Size on Linux?
Example 1:
# tune2fs -l /dev/sda1 | grep -i ‘block size’
Block size: 4096

Example 2:
# dumpe2fs -h /dev/sda1 |grep “Block size:”
Block size: 4096

Example 3:
# blockdev –getbsz /dev/sda1
4096

Example 4:
# echo “abc” >test.txt
# du -h test.txt
4.0K test

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How to grep and display IP Address on Linux

Planet Malaysia — Thu, 09 Apr 2009 03:34:46 +0000

How to find out an IP Address on Linux is pretty simple by type “ifconfig” command.

Output:

# ifconfig
eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 01:2A:A1:3C:C3:27
inet addr:192.168.1.23 Bcast:192.168.1.255 Mask:255.255.255.0
UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
RX packets:256125364 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:203700834 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000
RX bytes:240597045 (229.4 Mb) TX bytes:3399069596 (3241.6 Mb)
Interrupt:16 Memory:f8000000-f8011100

lo Link encap:Local Loopback
inet addr:127.0.0.1 Mask:255.0.0.0
UP LOOPBACK RUNNING MTU:16436 Metric:1
RX packets:4760967 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:4760967 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:0
RX bytes:480898269 (458.6 Mb) TX bytes:480898269 (458.6 Mb)

For some reason, you may want to display IP Address only. You can do it on multiple way and here you go:

Example 1:
#ifconfig eth0 | grep ‘inet addr:’ | cut -d: -f2
192.168.1.1 Bcast

Example 2:
#ifconfig | awk ‘/^eth/{s=$1;getline;print s,$1,$2}’
eth1 inet addr:192.168.1.1

Example 3:
#ifconfig eth0 | grep ‘inet addr:’ | cut -d: -f2 | awk ‘{ print $1}’
192.168.1.1

Example 4:
#ip addr list eth1 |grep inet |cut -d’ ‘ -f6|cut -d/ -f1
192.168.1.1

Example 5 - IPV6:
#ip addr list eth0 |grep “inet6 ” |cut -d’ ‘ -f6|cut -d/ -f1

Example 6:
#hostname -i
192.168.1.1

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